Candlestick formation · Bullish
What is it, in one line
Closes at the high, with a wick permitted at the open.
Bullish · 1 candle · verdict: rule and thresholds below
Closes at the high, with a wick permitted at the open. The engine checks the formation as an executable condition over open, high, low and close, with a trend filter applied before the count is kept.
Method
An up candle whose close is the session high. It may have a lower wick — that is what separates it from a full marubozu, which has neither.
The traditional claim
Traditionally read as buying that held right into the close.
How this detection is wrong
Constrains the close only. A full marubozu satisfies this; a belt hold constrains the open instead. All three overlap and are reported separately.
Published so the count can be reproduced. Every figure below is a parameter of the rule, not a preference: change one and the occurrence count changes with it.
| Parameter | Meaning | Default |
|---|---|---|
| maxUpperPct | upper wick, at most, as a share of the range | 0.05 |
| minBodyPct | body, at least, as a share of the range | 0.6 |
| minBodyAtr | body, at least, in ATR | 0.6 |
| atrPeriod | bars of ATR used to size everything below | 14 |
These share enough geometry that a detector can return more than one of them on the same bar. The engine reports every match rather than picking a winner.
Every pair on the site that can be mistaken for another, and what separates each: the look-alikes index.
An up candle whose close is the session high. It may have a lower wick — that is what separates it from a full marubozu, which has neither.
It is read as bullish. Traditionally read as buying that held right into the close.
Constrains the close only. A full marubozu satisfies this; a belt hold constrains the open instead. All three overlap and are reported separately.
As an executable rule over open, high, low and close, with 4 named parameters — including upper wick, at most, as a share of the range 0.05, body, at least, as a share of the range 0.6, body, at least, in ATR 0.6 — all published on this page so the count can be reproduced. Strict and loose variants are defined as well, so the sensitivity of the count to those thresholds is visible rather than assumed.
Measurement pending re-run
No hit rate is published here yet. The run that would supply one was computed on engine ca6d9e36c81c; the engine is now cfb08765de7c. Its candlestick rows included the still-forming bar, and it predates the chart formations entirely, so those figures have been withdrawn rather than published with a caveat. The definition above is unaffected: it is what the detector tests, and no re-run changes it.
This formation has a mirror
Its mirror is the same construction inverted, read in the opposite direction. Everything the two rules test is the same except the sign, so the thresholds on this page apply equally to both — and a result measured for one says nothing about the other until the other is measured too.
Bearish Closing Marubozu: A long down candle that closes at its low, with no lower wick.